Persuading, encouraging, and preventing someone

Persuading, encouraging, and preventing someone are the part of expressions . so, this is the important way to show our expressions to other people .

Persuading

Persuading is expressions to make someone agree to do something, make someone do or believe something by giving them a good reason to do it, or by talking to them and making them believe it. The act of influencing the mind by arguments or reason offered, with anything that moves the mind. There are the examples :

• come on
• Give it a try
• try them on
• believe me, you'll have fun times
• you won't regret it
• it;s your only chance, try it!
• Just this once!
• you wouldn't find them twice,come on!
• Why don't you .....
• etc

Encouraging

Encouraging is an expressions to give someone support or motivation to do something so he/she can achieve the goals.

How to Encourage Someone ???

If your goal is to learn how to encourage someone, all that you need are : Praise,Show people their strength,Show appreciation, Be a positive role model for them, and raise their spirit

Expressions of Encouraging :

1. Don’t worry. I’m sure you’ll do better the next time

2. You’re doing very well. 

3.Give it a shot.

4. Come on. This is not the end of the    world.

5. We feel you should go ahead.

6. I'm sure you will pass ...

7. It wouldn’t hurt.      

Preventing is an expressions to prohibit someone to  do  something that he/she don’t want.

Expression of Preventing :

1. You mustn’t ...!

2.  You shouldn’t (really) ...

3. You’d better not ...

4.  I don’t really think you should ...

Ok, I already give you some examples about Persuading, encouraging, and preventing someone . Can you make your own expression ?

Preventing someone

Constrastive Conjunctions and Modal Perfect

Types of conjunction

Different types of conjunctions link information in different ways. It is important to know which conjunctions establish which types of links. There are five main types of conjunction in English. 1. Conjunctions of addition and replacement Additive conjunctions simply add more information to what is already there. Examples of additive conjunctions include: and, also, in addition, not only … but also, moreover, further, besides. Example The study used a small sample only and was strongly criticized for this reason. Furthermore, the initial premise of the research was considered questionable in the light of previous evidence.

Conjunctions of replacement replace one piece of information with another. That is, they offer an alternative. Conjunctions of replacement include the words: or, or else, alternatively. Example The results could be interpreted to mean that high levels of protein are beneficial to diet generally. Alternatively, they could also mean that high protein levels are only beneficial to severely overweight males. 2. Conjunctions of comparison, contrast and concession Comparative conjunctions are used to link two ideas that are considered to be similar. Comparative conjunctions include the terms: in the same way, likewise, just as, both… and. Example Reading aloud to young children stimulates their interest in books. Similarly, visiting libraries or book fairs has been shown to increase children’s readiness to engage with print.

Contrastive conjunctions link two ideas that are considered to be different. Examples of contrastive conjunctions include: but, however, in contrast, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless, yet, still, even so, neither …nor. Example This evidence points clearly to a fall in the number of unemployed. On the other hand, anecdotal evidence from reputable charities suggests that the number of people seeking financial support has increased.

Concessive conjunctions are a subgroup of contrastive conjunctions. They are used to contrast one idea with another where one piece of information appears to be surprising or unexpected in view of the other idea. Examples of concessive conjunctions include: though, although, despite, in spite of, notwithstanding, whereas, while. Example Even though money has been poured into literacy programs, literacy levels among 12-15 year olds do not appear to be improving. Perfect Modal Verbs modal verb + have + past participle

The Future Perfect Tense Unlike all the other modals above, will is used for the future: Subject + will + have + past participle Singular Plural I will have lived We will have lived You will have lived You will have lived He will have lived

She will have lived They will have lived It will have lived

This is a difficult tense to use. It describes an action that will be completed in the future. For example: I moved to Minnesota in 1991. The year now is 2008. By 2011, I will have lived in Minnesota for 20 years.

Discussion Text

1. Definition

Discussion is a text which presents a problematic discourse. This problem will be discussed from different points of view. It presents pro and contra opinion on certain issue.

The purpose of a discussion text is to present arguments and information from differing viewpoints. Discussion texts are usually written in the present tense.


2. Points to check

• Have you been fair to both sides?
• Have you supported your views with reasons ande vidence?
• In your conclusion, have you given a reason for what you have decided?

3. Generic Structure

• Issue : contains of statement and preview about something.
• Arguments for/Supporting arguments : after stating the issue, it is necessary to present the argument to support that one point is agreeing.
• Arguments against : beside the supporting argument, discussion text need the arguments which disagree to the stated issue.
• Recommendation/conclusion : It is used to tell how to solve issue by concerning the arguements for and against.

4. Language Features

•  Introducing category or generic participant.
• Relating verb/to be: is, am, are, etc.
• Using thinking verb: feel, hope, believe, etc.
•  Using additive, contrastive, and causal connection: similarly, on the hand, however, etc.
•  Using modalities: must, should, could, may, etc.
• Using adverbial of manner: deliberately, hopefully, etc.
• Conjunction/transition: although, even, if, etc.

ASKING ABOUT POSSIBILITIES, CURIOSITY, DESIRE

Asking about Possibilities

•       Would it be possible for (somebody) to …?

•       Do you think it’s possible that ... ?

•       What possibility is there that ... ?

•       Is there any possibility that ... ?

•       What's the possibility of ... ?

•       What are the chances of ...?

•       Do you think you can…?

•       Is it possible that ... ?

•       Is it possible to ... ?

•       Are you capable of…?

Responding an ask about possibility :

•       Yes, it is.

•       That’s possible.

•       Sure. It can be.

•       I think so.

 

Expressing Curiosity

  Curiosity is an emotion represents a drive to know new things.

•       I want to know...

•       I’m curios about...

•       I’m eager to know...

•       What I’d really like to find out is …

•       I’d be very interested to know …

•       I’ve been meaning to ask you.

•       I’d like to know …

•       I wish I knew …

•       I’d love to know …

•       What’s on your mind?

•       I wonder …?

Responding curiosity :

•       You can ask him in person.

•       Let’s find the answer. I am also curios about it.

•       Let time show us the truth.

Desire 

Desire is a sense of longing for a person or object or hoping for an outcome. When a person desires something or someone, their sense of longing is excited by the enjoyment or the thought of the item or person, and they want to take actions to obtain their goal.

 

Expressing Desire :

•       I wish I could...

•       I want to...

•       I’m interested...

•       I’m wondering...

 

Expressing Views

•       I support your decision.

•       If I were you,..

•        Personally I believe…

•        In my view, …

•       It seems to me…

•        From my point of view…

•       I’d just like to say…

•       Well, to my mind this scene…

•       Personally, I consider…

•       To be perfectly frank…

•       If you ask my view about it, I will say that I agree with it.

Agreeing with a view :

•       Thank you.

•        Of course.

•        You're absolutely right.

•        Yes, I agree.

•        I think so too.

•        That's a good point.

•        Exactly.

•        I don't think so either.

•        So do I.

•        I'd go along with that.

•        That's true.

•        Neither do I.

•        I agree with you entirely.

•        That's just what I was thinking.

•        I couldn't agree more.

Disagreeing with a view :

•       That's different.

•       I don't agree with you.

•       However…

•       That's not entirely true.

•       On the contrary…

•       I'm sorry to disagree with you, but…

•       Yes, but don't you think…

•       That's not the same thing at all.

•       I'm afraid I have to disagree.

•       I'm not so sure about that.

•       I must take issue with you on that.

Business Letter

A business letter is written in formal language.The letter is written for official correspondence between two organizations and organizations and customers, clients, etc. The style of the business letter depends on the relationship that is shared between the two parties.

             A business letter is used for various purposes like offering a business deal to other organization, accepting an offer, denying an offer, new schemes for customer, extending the contract with a client. 

           The block format is the simplest format; all of the writing is flush against the left margin.

Your Address 1

The return address of the sender so the recipient can easily find out where to send a reply to.

•       British English

Position        : In the top right corner of the letter.

•          American English

Position        : In the top left corner, below the date, or at the end of the letter (below the signature)

Date 2
Put the date on which the letter was written in the format

•       British English

Write                        :30 October 2003

Position                    :On the right, one line below the sender's address

•       American English

Write                        : October 30, 2003

Position                    : Top left corner

Inside Address 3

The address of the person you are writing to along with the name of the recipient, their title and company name.

British English Ms /Miss/Mrs/Mr/Dr... Company Name(optional) house number and the street place area code COUNTRY (in capital letters)

American English Ms/Miss/Mrs/Mr/Dr... Company Name(optional) house number and th street place, area code COUNTRY (in capital letters)

Salutation 4

•            If you know the person's name:

a.          In British English, don't use anypunctuation  mark or use a comma.

Dear Ms / Miss / Mrs / Mr +lastname,

Example: Dear Mr Miller or Dear Mr Miller,

Dear + surname,

Example: Dear Chris Miller or Dear Chris Miller,

b.         In American English, use a colon (:)

Dear Ms. / Miss. / Mrs. / Mr. +lastname:

Example: Dear Mr. Miller:

Dear + surname:

Example: Dear Chris Miller:

c.          To Whom It May Concern/Dear Sir or Madam: if recipient's name is unknown.

Subject Line (optional) 5 

Makes it easier for the recipient to find out what the letter is about.

•            British English

The subject line is usually placed between the salutation and the body of the letter.

•            American English

In American English, the subject line can also be placed between the recipient's address and the salutation.

Body 6

The body is where you write the content of the letter.

Closing 7

Complimentery Close
Yours faithfully,
If you do not know the name of the person

Yours sincerely,
If you know the name of the person

Signature 8

Printed Name 9

The printed version of  writer/sender, and if desired writer/sender can put a title or position, then print it underneath the signature.

Enclosure(optional) 10

If you wish to enclose documents, you can write the word 'Enclosure' below the printed name. Type "Enclosures (#)" with the # being the number of other documents enclosed.

Reference Initials(optional) 11

If someone other than yourself typed the letter you will include your initials in capital letters followed by the typist's initials in lower case in the following format; AG/gs or AG:gs.

KIND OF BUSSINES LETTEr

• Business Invitation letter